Body Fat and Eating Disorders Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Muscle versus fat and Eating Disorders Paper - Essay Example t sickness, hypertension, stroke, elevated cholesterol, diabetes, back agony, respiratory issues, kidney issue, gallbladder issues, osteoarthritis, overabundance weariness, rest apnea, metabolic conditions and urinary incontinence. There are different variables that could prompt weight or an aggregation of muscle to fat ratio which happens because of a lopsidedness in the calories expended and consumed by the body. Other contributing components incorporate an absence of physical action, expanded utilization of fat, sugar, liquor admission, gorging, ceaseless utilization of corticosteroids, hormonal irregular characteristics and other related metabolic issues (Body structure and Health, 2002). Dietary issues, for example, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and voraciously consuming food effectsly affect the physical and emotional well-being of people and in outrageous cases can likewise prompt dangerous issues. This is fundamentally in light of the fact that such issue don't exist for a specific timeframe; rather they can possibly become deep rooted issue in situations where they are not rewarded. In such cases they could influence the psychological, passionate and physical prosperity of people and furthermore put huge strain on their associations with others. On account of anorexia nervosa, in which people starve themselves the body turns out to be seriously drained of crucial supplements and consequently there is a log jam of metabolic procedure so as to monitor vitality. Subsequently various clinical issues emerge some of which warrant quick clinical consideration. The wellbeing outcomes of anorexia nervosa remembers a strange decline for pulse and circulatory strain whi ch builds the danger of cardiovascular breakdown, bone thickness decrease, misfortune and debilitating of muscles, extreme body lack of hydration expanding the danger of kidney disappointment, expanded exhaustion and general body shortcoming, dryness of skin and hair with male pattern baldness and development of lanugo all the body with an end goal to keep up internal heat level (Health Consequences of Eating Disorders, n.d; Eating

King of Kong

The King of Kong: A fistful of Quarters. The King of Kong: A fistful of Quarters gave numerous procedures and experiences into talking various individuals. This narrative profiled individuals and indicated how they had become the individuals they were in there regular daily existences. Ordinarily it demonstrated past accomplishments or disappointments and how they straightforwardly influenced a people will to prevail later on. Toward the start of this film, Billy Mitchell was presented as the fruitful gamer of the 80's that everybody one enjoyed and turned upward to.He was the icon of the gaming scene that had started to exist when he accomplished his high scores in a significant number of the exemplary arcade games, for example, jackass kong. The executives unmistakably centered around Billy Mitchell's self presumption as he became more seasoned and was inundated into the persona of being the best gamer on the planet. Before the finish of the narrative, unmistakably Billy Mitchell i s presently seen by some as living in his own truth of the gaming scene. The rival in this film, Steve Wiebe, is depicted as somebody who has never fully had the option to arrive at his goals.He has not been as fortunate as Billy Mitchell and he expect the dark horse job. All through the film he is perpetually endeavoring to arrive at his objective of breaking the Donkey Kong record just to be closed somewhere near uncalled for conditions. Numerous statements are taken from Steve and his significant other about his dependence, and need of accomplishing the record for self avocation. All through the whole story, Steve is followed and indicated the adjustments throughout his life do to this new gaming need.Steve doesn't accomplish his objective when he needed to however the interviewees decide to return and show that he did in the end drive forward and acquire his objective. They decided to show that Steve was not a slacker, and could accomplish what he needed to with devotion. In gen eral, this narrative shows man procedures of giving various sides and perspectives on a story. They utilized relatives, companions, and the people own record to communicate the various encounters that had happened.

New Student Photo Entry #28 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

New Student Photo Entry #28 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog The first three images come from Jeff Berger, an incoming MIA student. All three images were taken at the Marcavalle juvenile detention center in Cusco, Peru. Many of the boys there had committed serious crimes, yet the center operated like a strict summer camp rather than a prison. The youth are gradually prepared for reintegration into society through a special education system and hierarchical, merit-based programs. Image #1 â€" Morning roll call. Image #2 â€" Me and a few of the boys at a holiday celebration. Image #3 â€" Two of the boys learning the art of the “field goal.” It took me days to find what may have been the only store in Cusco selling footballs. ____________________________________ The next two photos were submitted by Bonita Treinen, an incoming MPA-DP student. This first picture was taken in Lanzhou, China where I lived 2002-2003. I am drawn to signs of community in dense urban environments, and these guys embody that. This second picture was taken in Thailand, where I lived 1998-2001. Theres nothing special about this picture, except that magic things happen every time I visit this little bay. Last time I was there a school of dolphins came up to play near me while I was out swimming alone.

The Wisdom Of Repugnance Why We Should Ban Essay

Thesis Statement I will argue against the three main reasons Kass labels cloning as a perversity in his article â€Å"The Wisdom of Repugnance†. I will be demonstrating that strong moral feelings do not necessarily indicate whether an action is right or wrong. An Argument Against Kass’s â€Å"The Wisdom of Repugnance: Why We Should Ban the Cloning of Humans† Society has much to gain from the science of cloning. It is a way to extend reproductive rights so that a parent can have any child of their choosing. Also, it will free women from having to have a sexual partner to have a child, provide infertile couples a way to reproduce, allow parents affected by the death of a child to reproduce, and allow homosexual men and women a way to reproduce without involving the opposite sex. Cloning will also provide a way to enhance the health of our society, understand the causes of spontaneous abortion, create new ideas for contraceptives, and minimize the risk of genetic diseases that comes with sex (Stefan 7-8). It is a way to replace a loved one that has passed away and a way to obtain organs and tissues needed for transplantation. Cloning will also provide the opportunity to replicate people with much talent (Kass 686). In his paper, Kass claims that cloning would cause an â€Å"utter confusion of social identity and kinship ties† for both clones and non-clones. For example, with kinship ties, if a man was cloned and considered the child to be his â€Å"son† it is possible that the â€Å"son† would want toShow MoreRelatedArguments Against Human Cloning1986 Words   |  8 Pagestextbook as to why some people may choose to do cloning or not to, I am personally not in favor of human cloning at all. I know that there are some instances in which cloning may be benefiting the newborn, but everything that God does happens for a reason, and no one has the right to change that for any reason unless the baby is already born. I strongly believe that no changes should be made to the baby until birth. God knows what is best for us, and has a reason for doing everything, so we do not own

Sartre s Existentialism And Existentialism - 1024 Words

As a continuation of the course assignment, in the following paper, I shall examine Sartre’s Existentialism is a Humanism and give a framework of concepts and reasons as to why it is existentialist in nature. Whereas the last paper chronologically organized Sartre’s life and experiences, this will focus more specifically on his work, thought process and an impression and interpretation of his logic. Presented and chronicled after the liberation of Paris from German occupation, Existentialism is a/and Humanism, flew directly out of that optimistic period where questions about morality and societal integrity were at the forefront of the minds of French (any many other) people. Of the pivotal texts in all existentialism, few are more well-known than Sartre’s. In the course of Jean-Paul Sartre’s work on existentialism, he is believed to be the basis for the coining of the term Existentialism, which in 1943 was first said by Gabriel Marcel, in reference to Sart re himself. After rejecting and then assimilating the phrase unto his own purposes, he set out to clarify and exemplify just what existentialism was, in the face of many of its Communist, Marxist, Catholic, and Christian detractors. Within its confines, Sartre addresses several foundational principles to his theory of existentialism, the first of which is that â€Å"existence precedes essence†. Here is where Sartre first adopts the moniker of Existentialist, specifically aesthetic ones, including Heidegger. This is the conceptShow MoreRelatedSartre s Relationship Between Existentialism And Marxism784 Words   |  4 PagesIn Search for a Method, Sartre discusses the relationship between existentialism and Marxism. As according to Sartre, Marxism is the dominant philosophy in the current era, while existentialism is an ‘ideology’ attached parasitically to this theoretical foundation. Personally, as I read along, I get the impression that Sartre sees existentialism more as the savior of Marxism than a parasite. He has a disdain for what contemporary Marxists have become; he uses terms such as lazy, and stagnant to describeRead MoreExistentialism And Human Emotions By Jean Paul Sartre1513 Words   |  7 PagesJean-Paul Sartre s novel Existentialism and Human Emotions discusses his philosophy that man is responsible for what he is and what he does; that man chooses his values and makes himself. At the beginning of the book, Sartre defends existentialism against several charges that had been laid against it. Throughout the book, Sartre refers to the basis of existentialism using the phrase ‘existence precedes essence . With this, phrase lies the basis for the argument that Existentialism is a HumanismRead MoreExistentialism And The Beliefs Of The Movement1454 Words   |  6 PagesPalahniuk that is a good summary of existentialism and the beliefs of the movement. Existentialism was a turning point for society and literature that advocated the expansion of the minds of authors and their readers so we could improve our thinking to be more enlightened and free. The movement sparked much alternative thinking to allow our society to grow into what it is today and without it people would most likely be more close minded and less free. Existentialism was a very influential movement withRead MoreExistentialism and its Role Today1027 Words   |  5 PagesDaoism, Stoicism, and Existentialism. Since each person defines their happiness differently, each person has their own opinion as to whether or not what is read to be correct or not. The goal is to at least shine a light to what everyone seems drawn towards. Existentialism is an important theory to consider in order to achieve the Good Life. Although existentialism may not appeal to everyone as a reliable theory to achieve the Good Life, it does elaborate as to how existentialism can be used to attainRead MoreExistentialism1408 Words   |  6 Pages Existentialism and its facets There are many philosophies that people use in their lives. Some of the ways of thinking are linked to some prominent people. There is idealism, naturalism, experimentalism, and existentialism among others. This essay explores existentialism, which has been postulated by Sartre among others. The other proponents of existentialism include Nietzsche, Kierkegaard, martin Buber, Martin Heidegger and Martin Buber. The weakness and strengths of existentialism are going toRead MoreExistentialism and Its Role today799 Words   |  4 Pagesdaoism, stoicism, and existentialism. Since each person defines their happiness differently, each person has their own opinion as to whether or not what is read to be correct or not. The goal is to at least shine a light onto what everyone seems drawn towards. Existentialism is an important theory to consider in order to achieve the Good Life. Although existentialism may not appeal to everyone as a reliable theory to achieve the Good Life, it does elabora te as to how existentialism can be used to achieveRead MoreExistentialism : What Is It? Essay1704 Words   |  7 PagesAlthough there is no single answer to this enigma, there are countless theories concerning it. For example, one philosophical approach is known as Existentialism. Jean Paul Sartre, a well-known existentialist, introduced his 3-word ideology, existence precedes essence in his lecture titled Existentialism is a Humanism which was presented during 1940’s Europe, a time when people needed a new foundation of thinking. From then, the theory gained popularity and became the backbone of future pieces. ForRead MoreExistentialism : Existentialism And Existentialism1186 Words   |  5 PagesSubjectivity in Existentialism is a Humanism In Existentialism is a humanism, French philosopher and existentialist Jean-Paul Sartre defends existentialism from 20th century critics who believed that its overly subjective nature promotes anguish, abandonment, and despair. Sartre explains these common misconceptions about existentialism and argues that it is not a pessimist point of view, but the complete opposite. In what follows, I will explain how Sartre not only invalidates the surging misconceptionsRead MoreAnalysis Of Jodi Picoult s My Sister s Keeper Essay1701 Words   |  7 Pagesthree words sum up existentialism in a nutshell and is the single most important of all of its theories. Originating from a nineteenth century Danish philosopher, this theory is still found throughout many literary works. Among these literary works is Jodi Picoult’s My Sister’s Keeper, a novel in which the theory of existentialism is actively present and found in many elements of the story. These elements, upon further observatio n, exhibit the six major concepts or existentialism: existence, freedomRead More Sartre’s Existentialism in Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot1572 Words   |  7 PagesSartre’s Existentialism in Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot Critics often misunderstand the quintessence of Sartre’s philosophy. Jean-Paul Sartre, in his lecture â€Å"Existentialism is Humanism,† remarks that â€Å"existence precedes essence† (2), that is, man first materializes and then searches for a purpose – an essence. Samuel Beckett, through his play Waiting for Godot, affirms Sartre’s core argument. Misinterpreting Godot, critic Edith contends that it differs fundamentally

How to Make Dumpling Free Essays

For Chinese, dumpling is our traditional food. In Ancient, dumpling represents money. So they eat it for good luck. We will write a custom essay sample on How to Make Dumpling or any similar topic only for you Order Now Until now, we also eat it when we celebrate some traditional festivals. Because we think it will bring some good luck for us. In lots of Chinese’s mind, dumping is delicious. But if we want to make it, the process is complicated. Now I will explain you how to make dumpling. Because the dough should ferment, we must make dumpling wrapper first. At this step we should have flour, water, a container, a wet cloth, a knife, a rolling pole and a pastry board.After prepare those materials, we can beginning to make the dough. We put flour into a container, then pour water into the container, and be careful about the proportion between flour and water. It is important to make the good dough. After that, stir it strenuously to make it sticky, put a wet cloth on the dough and wait 20 minutes to let it ferment. 20 minutes later, we can roll dough into a round piece. We should cut part of the dough and put it on pastry board, knead a part of it to a strip and cut it into small pieces.Then press each piece and roll it with a rolling pole into a round piece. Now we will do the stuffing. It is the core of making dumpling. If we do not have good stuffing, it means we fail in the whole steps. Today we choose pork and scallion stuffing to an example. At the start of making stuffing, we should chop pork up and mix it with chopped scallions. Meanwhile we also put in seasonings like salt, sesame oil, pepper, chopped green onion and ginger to get our favorite flavor.And then stir the ingredients in a container well to make them evenly mixed. We can also put an egg to make the stuffing tender. When we finish those two steps, we will do the last step which is make dumpling. There are many shapes of dumpling like waveform, crescent, wallet form and lock from. Waveform is easiest to make. So lots of us like to make dumpling like it. Now I will tell you how to make this shape. Put right amount stuffing in the middle of dumpling wrapper. And double over the dumpling wrapper to become the semicircle.Then knead it from left and let the forefinger around thumb to push it have pleat. Repeat this motion until it to right. After that, a dumpling it completely finished. Those are all steps of make dumpling. Please notice those steps and do not forget the core of making dumpling. Stuffing is the head of dumpling. And memory that delicious dumpling comes from carefully person. Do not careless in it. In our mind, dumpling is so complicated. But if we do it with our family, it will become an unforgettable thing for us. How to cite How to Make Dumpling, Papers

The Development of Ancient Systems of Writing in Iraq and Egypt Essay Example For Students

The Development of Ancient Systems of Writing in Iraq and Egypt Essay The Development of Ancient Systems of Writing in Iraq and EgyptAncient systems of writing in the Middle East arose when people needed amethod for remembering important information. In both Ancient Iraq and AncientEgypt each of the stages of writing, from pictograms to ideograms tophonetograms, evolved as a response to the need to express more complex ideas. Satisfaction of this need gave us the two most famous forms of ancient writing,cuneiform from ancient Iraq, and hieroglyphics from ancient Egypt. Both of theseforms of writing evolved and their use spread to other peoples even after theoriginators of the scripts had passed on. Some of the oldest writing found in the Middle East dates from 8000 to 3000B.C. This corresponds to the approximate time period that the people of theregion went from living a nomadic life to settlement in villages and tradingamong themselves. When trading large or varying types of commodities you need amethod for recording. To meet this need developed a token system for therecording of financial data. These tokens were of varying shapes for variousthings, two to three centimetres in size, and used for enumeration and keepingtrack of goods and labour. We will write a custom essay on The Development of Ancient Systems of Writing in Iraq and Egypt specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now These tokens eventually had to be stored so they wouldnt be misplaced orlost. To secure them, they were placed in opaque clay envelopes. To indicatewhat was inside the envelope markings were made on it, eventually someonerealized that all you had to do was mark on the clay what was in the envelopeand you discard the tokens altogether. With this major development we get thefirst writing on clay tablets. In Ancient Mesopotamia the most readily available material for writing onwas clay. When writing on clay first arose, the scribe would try to make anartistic representation of what he was referring to. This is a logical firststep in writing as if you wanted to record that you had three sheep, you woulddraw a picture of a sheep and then add to the picture some marking to indicatethat you had three of them. Thus the earliest stage in writing arose, pictograms. Pictograms, although not really writing in the modern sense of the term, dorepresent a method of communicating an event or message. They also led to truewriting through a process of selection and organization. As people wanted towrite more down and in a faster method, the pictograms lost their artistic lookand took on a more stylised representation of an object by making a few marksin the clay . . . . The writing was eventually written in horizontal linesrather than in squares or in vertical bands . . . became smaller, more compact,more rigid, more abstract, finally bearing no resemblance to the objects theyrepresented . . . .The next stage in the development of ancient writing was when the scribeswished to write more complex ideas down. In time a sign that had represented atangible object, came to represent some word or thing. For example, the symbolrepresenting the sun eventually represented over seventy different words. Thiscaused some confusion as the reader could not be certain what the writer wasusing the symbol for. A solution to this problem was the introduction of a method to indicatewhat the symbol represented. These new symbols were called determinative. Forexample, the Sumerians placed a symbol in front of, or sometimes behind, theword sign to give the reader an indication of how to interpret it. The sign forplow could have the sign for wood in front of it, this meant that the symbol forplow meant the tool, if there was a symbol of a man in front, the symbol forplow would be interpreted as plowman. .u50cdfccac56496f5a523ed74cb90190c , .u50cdfccac56496f5a523ed74cb90190c .postImageUrl , .u50cdfccac56496f5a523ed74cb90190c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u50cdfccac56496f5a523ed74cb90190c , .u50cdfccac56496f5a523ed74cb90190c:hover , .u50cdfccac56496f5a523ed74cb90190c:visited , .u50cdfccac56496f5a523ed74cb90190c:active { border:0!important; } .u50cdfccac56496f5a523ed74cb90190c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u50cdfccac56496f5a523ed74cb90190c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u50cdfccac56496f5a523ed74cb90190c:active , .u50cdfccac56496f5a523ed74cb90190c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u50cdfccac56496f5a523ed74cb90190c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u50cdfccac56496f5a523ed74cb90190c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u50cdfccac56496f5a523ed74cb90190c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u50cdfccac56496f5a523ed74cb90190c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u50cdfccac56496f5a523ed74cb90190c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u50cdfccac56496f5a523ed74cb90190c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u50cdfccac56496f5a523ed74cb90190c .u50cdfccac56496f5a523ed74cb90190c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u50cdfccac56496f5a523ed74cb90190c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Minimum Wages EssayThe most advanced stage of development was the phonetogram. A phonetogramis a symbol that represented the pronunciation of part of a word. Phonetogramsdeveloped from symbols for words that sounded like the syllables of other words. For example you could have the symbol 4 and C in modern writing go togetherto make the symbol 4C, which would represent four seas, but if you added thedeterminative to make it 4C it could be read as the word foresee. Thus atransition from pictographic to phonetographic. With this, you could adapt ascript to write the sounds of any word

How Western Europe is Divided in the Context of the European Union essays

How Western Europe is Divided in the Context of the European Union essays The way in which government and politics operate in West European politics say a lot about the future of the nation. Most Western European systems are classified as parliamentary because of the fusion of powers between the executive and legislature. Most are also advanced industrial democracies, confronting the same fundamental issues of democracy that concern American The European Union (EU), which was drafted in 1984, concentrated on goals relating to political unification for Europe (Norton, 2002). The EU called for a federal-type Western European government, with a two-house legislature. When examining the effects of the EU on Western European politics, it is important to look at the roots of its existence. The beginning of the EU's existence was actually the creation of the Organization for European Economic Co-operation (OEEC) in 1948. The OEEC was created to advance the re-building of war-torn Europe and to help distribute American financial aid (Marshall Aid) for Western Europe. In 1951, France and Germany created the European Coal (ECSC), which merged the coal and steel industries of the two countries (Norton, 2002). In 1957, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg signed the Treaty of Rome, merging the OEEC and the ECSC into one economic and common marketthe European Economic Community (EEC). In 1973, the United Kingdom, Ireland and Denmark joined the EEC. Greece followed suit in 1981 and Portugal and Spain in 1986. In 1992, the EEC became the European Union (EU). In 1995, Austria, Finland and Sweden joined. The Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary, Slovakia, Slovenia, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, Malta and Cyprus plan to join in 2004. In the early 1990s, the EU started working on a Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) and a Common European Security and Defence Policy (CESDP) (Norton, 2002). In 1993, the EU com...

Speed Dating Practice Conversation

Speed Dating Practice Conversation This lesson plan focuses on conversational practice to encourage English learners to use a wide variety of language functions such as demanding explanations, making complaints, giving warning, etc. The activity used is a variation on the popular practice of speed dating. In this exercise, students speed date each other to practice role plays calling for chunks or phrases used for each situation. This type of approach to teaching is based on the lexical approach or the chunks of language we tend to use to speak about certain situations. Speed Dating Lesson Plan Aim: Practicing a wide variety of language functions Activity: Speed Dating Role Play Level: Intermediate to Advanced Outline: Go through a variety of situations calling for specific language functions asking questions like:What would you do if your boss refused to give you a raise?How do you react when someone gives you a compliment?If someone asks you to a party, but you dont want to go, what do you say?Take time to review various language functions such as contrasting ideas, disagreeing, being vague, etc.Arrange the tables in your classroom so that students can change seats quickly. Assign half of your students to remain seated, the other half should move over one chair for each round.Give students the role-play sheet. Assign seated students role ​A or ​B and moving students the remaining role.Start the first speed dating role play. Let students role play the situation for one minute and then say stop.Ask the moving students to switch to the next partner. It helps if students move in one direction. For example, ask students to rotate in a clockwise manner.For the next round, ask students to switch roles i.e. seated students now take role B and moving students take role A. Continue on through the ten role-plays.As a class, discuss phrases used for the various situations. Take note of the helpful phrases and forms on the board for students to use in the next round.Ask students to create five or ten of their own short role-plays.Use the new situation role-plays to play another round of speed dating role-play. Example Speed Dating Role Plays A: Complain to the store manager that your food is cold and inedible.B: Respond to the complaint and explain that the dish the customer bought is supposed to be eaten cold, rather than heated.A: Invite your partner to a party next weekend and insist that he/she attends.B: Try to say no nicely. Be vague in making an excuse for not begin able to come.A: Youve been having difficulties finding a job. Ask your partner for help.B: Listen patiently and make suggestions based on questions you ask about your partners skills and experience.A: State your opinion about the benefits of globalization.B: Firmly disagree with your partner, pointing out various problems caused by globalization.A: Your child comes home after midnight on Tuesday night. Demand an explanation.B: Apologize, but explain why it was necessary for you to stay out so late.A: Explain the difficulties youve been having finding the restaurant Good Eats.B: Explain that Good Eats has closed. Find out what type of food your partner likes and make suggestions based on his / her response. A: Decide on a plan for Saturday with your partner.B: Disagree with most of your partners suggestions and counter with your own suggestions.A: Ask for information on an important political event. Keep asking questions even if your partner is unsure.B: You dont know anything about politics. However, your partner insists on your opinion. Make educated guesses.A: Your partner has just walked into your electronics store. Make suggestions on what he/she can buy.​B: Youd like to buy something at an electronics store.A: Ask your partner out on a date.B: Say no nicely. Try to not hurt his/her feelings.

Classroom of the future Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 6

Classroom of the future - Essay Example This research tells that classroom is an important environment affecting students in many fields. Studies have proved that the there is a relationship between the student performance and the classroom facilities. Classroom facilities affect students’ attendance and academic performance, so taking care of classroom facilities improve the level of student performance in the classroom. Additionally, the classroom often reflects the correlation between the students and their teacher. It’s important to understand not only what’s coming next but also where it all started. Classrooms throughout history have passed much of the technological changes. So, the purpose of this paper is to describe those changes and then visualize the future changes in the classroom. The classroom has changed a lot in the past. There are three main periods from the early days that helped build the education system we have now. The colonial period was first from the 1600’s to the 1700â €™s, the next period would be from the American Revolution to the civil war which was approximately a 70 year period from 1791-1861.The Information age came next from the mid-1900s to the very early 2000s. In the colonial period, the classroom was very minimal only consisting of a one-room building most likely with log walls, a dirt floor, and wax windows. For chairs, they would split a log in half and attach branches to the bottom to create a chair. Educational supplies were very scarce and expensive, most were homemade consisting of quill pens and boil down bark to make ink. Between the American Revolution and the civil war, the classroom experience got a lot better because classrooms had blackboards, slates, and maps. The furniture and architecture were also greatly improved even though at first during this period many communities didn’t have school buildings because if the revolutionary war, instead they had large rooms until the building was able to be rebuilt.

Position paper on Videogame or Media Violence Essay

Position paper on Videogame or Media Violence - Essay Example Human beings are naturally not inclined towards killing and violence. However, the increased rate of violent crimes within different societies suffices to suggest that there exists a motivation towards violent behavior. Children are exposed to violent and crime scenes in various media platforms. Grossman argues, â€Å"It begins at the age of eighteen months when a child can begin to mimic what is on television† (2). Children are exposed to these violent scenes at the time of cognitive development. This implies that their cognitive patterns follow a violent trail. Indeed, â€Å"some of them embrace violence and accept it as a normal and essential skill in a brutal new world† (Grossman 2). When these children grow up, the violent behavior is entrenched within them. Continual involvement of the brain in violent video games can cause a phenomenon similar to classical conditioning whereby the players react subconsciously to situations in a violent manner due to the conditioning. In fact, President Clinton, as quoted by Grossman (3) claimed, â€Å"these games teach young people to kill with all the precision of a military training program.† Since children are at their developmental stage, rigorous and continued active involvement in violent video games conditions their delicate brains to violence. The present development in technology has made it possible for video games to have realistic characters (Barlett and Rodeheffer 1). The scenes are a real reflection of the real world. This has been highlighted as one of the primary cause of violent behavior among children exposed to violent video games for a long time. Barlett and Rodeheffer (11) found out that â€Å"if one plays a realistic violent video game, there will be an initial increase in aggressive thoughts and arousal and in aggressive feelings.† This increases the possibilities of violent actions from the video games being replicated in

Ethics Within The South African Police Service Criminology Essay

Ethics Within The South African Police Service Criminology Essay Through the course of the past year and this year especially, many police actions have made the headline news for wrong reasons. It is therefore reasonable to ask: Why this sudden increase? It is because the police think that they are above the law? Or it is because of their tempers reaching the boiling point due to the specific circumstances of an event, due to personal or organisational frustrations or it is because of inadequate and infrequent training? One can ask if the media is blowing this type of police actions out of proportion. One can ask if the organisations and the managers are paying an attention to the variety of issues that extend far beyond their normal business and which affect individuals, communities, the environment, countries and the entire world. DEFINITION OF ETHICS It entails the code of moral principles and values that directs the behaviour of an individual or a group in terms of what is right or wrong. A code of ethics sets standards about what is good or bad in behaviour and in decision making. SAPS CODE OF ETHICS The code of ethics of the SAPS underpins the way in which every member of this organisation should behave, irrespective of whether they are on duty or not. This code has a specific purpose of providing a standard of police behaviour that does not allow any leniency for poor service delivery or corrupt activities by the members of the organisation and must therefore be applied by all members in their daily tasks. The key principles of the code of ethics are: Integrity; Respect for diversity; Obedience to the law; Service excellence; and Public approval LEVELS OF ETHICAL DECISION MAKING The SAPS is facing a huge challenge within the individual and the organisational level that needs the leadership of the organisation to take into consideration. It is very difficult to change the attitude and the behaviour of an individual. The south African police service members are no longer trusted within the communities including the opposition parties (Democratic Alliance) raised a question for debate in the parliament for the implementation of the commission of enquiry against the behaviour and the brutality of the police, where the President responded by saying there is no need for the commission of enquiry to investigate the polices conduct as there are bodies that are given a mandate to investigate the police conduct( media statement: e-news, 21 March 2013). The Independent Police Inspectorate Directorate that functions independently of the department of Safety and Security has been given a mandate to investigate the Police conduct, and their functions are: Investigate police misconduct or any offence allegedly committed by the member of the SAPS, Investigating any deaths in police custody or as a result of police actions; and Investigating any matter referred to it by the Minister or MEC for Safety and Security. The DAs shadow minister of police Dianne Kohler Barnard, argues that the low conviction rate of the police reflects the police cover-up culture. The police unethical code of conduct is like a pain to the bodies of the citizens as of the republic since they have invested their lives to the police. During the Parliamentary reply on the costs of legal cases compensated for the period of three years, held on 12th March 2013, the Minister of the Police Mr Nathi Mthethwa, asked the National Commissioner of the Police Ms Riya Phiyega to look into issues of litigations such as: wrongful arrests and detention, corruption, negligent conduct and commission of serious offences by police officers. The above mentioned litigations are the main dilemma that affects the organisation and has brought a lot of mistrust of the police by the citizens. The South African Police Service has a challenge of the individual and the Organisational of ethical decision making that will be discussed on the next paragraphs. MANAGING ETHICS IN LAW ENFORCEMENT INDIVIDUAL LEVEL The human resource is the most crucial part of the organisation and difficult to manage because of their differences. Managers must learn more about the people and their behaviour in an organisation. People should be considered as people they spend a lot of time at work, some work to satisfy their needs that is the contributing factor to corruption. As the smallest sub-system in an organisation, individuals have the same characteristics as other systems. People are complex and interact continually with the environment, they strive for equilibrium and they may have a multiplicity of goals. To understand how people function is not an easy task, for no two individuals are the same. However, there are certain key variables that determine the behaviour of employees with which managers should be familiar with. These, includes, values and attitudes, personality, ability, motivation, perception, and learning. The organisation is one of the instruments employees can use their goals. However the organisation can block the attainments and the needs and goals of employees for them to become unmotivated and unproductive. There are so many issues that the organisation plays a role in contributing towards the behaviour and the frustration of an individual, looking at the impact of the promotions: the labour court granted the SAPS court order that interdicts and restrains the SAPS from promoting any member to the ranks of Lieutenant, Captain and Major due to the court interdict submitted by the labour movement Solidarity on the 27th February 2013 after the announcement of the post by the SAPS on the 18th March 2013, reference 8/1/1 volume 59. With the individual as a system in a changing environment, this is a total torture and the frustration to those who were promoted and to those who were not promoted and qualify for the promotions? (www.sapsjournal.gov.za/dynamic/journal/.dynamic.aspx?pageid= 414jid.44024. Date of access: 20 April 2013. The SAPS said it has the best interest of their members and will make sure that this matter is addressed. There are some different approaches that the SAPS is using in managing an individual even though is very difficult as the manager cannot sit in the office and monitor the subordinates how much time they spend on telephones and their movement when working outside. But the office open space system other companies uses, as one of the monitoring tool to prevent members doing their own agendas during the working hours as they share the office or the space with their members whereas in SAPS we still use the old system of individuals office but it depends on the services delivered per component. In case of the Crime Intelligence and the Detective unit it will be highly difficult to be implemented in terms of the confidentiality of their cases and the dockets. Management of resources The SAPS has implemented the fire-arm permit system for reporting on duty and off duty to prevent dishonesty and the financial constraints. What was happening previously is that the Relief Commanders and the Commanders of the other units were dishonest of their subordinates absenteeism; a member will be booked on duty on SAP 15 whereas s/he was absent. Some would report on duty and leave early without being noticed and will never come. With the fire-arm permit system, a members fingerprint is needed to verify his/her presence at work and the absence that will push the Human Resource official to verify the member absent. The problem is that it has not been long implemented already it is not working, some stations have tampered with the system, whereas our systems are not fully effective, this is the main reason why some reports of duty early without logging in the system and the following a day they start by booking Off duty with the reason, the system was offline, and this will not be questioned as we all know that our systems are poor. In most cases are offline. The leave policies that are just a written document that are not effective monitored, some members have an attitude of using their sick leave and vacation at the beginning of the leave plan circle. No has ever questioned the member from the provincial office, the matter is left in the hands of the responsible station commander who is afraid to take actions against the member and this leads to the undedicated other member to copy the behaviour that results in an increase of sick leave reported, even though it their rights but some are being misused. The performance enhancement process, serves a monitoring tool to the member. Its existence has been questioned many times if whether it serves its purpose within the organisation. The SAPS is trying its level best with no luck because of the managers and its poor system. In terms of reducing the telephone bills, the SAPS implemented the policy of paying the private telephone calls made by the member. No one will verify if the telephone calls made on the members bill are official or private unless the member is honest. Locking ones telephone account if the member fails to pay hampers the service delivery too. The AVL system, the vehicle monitoring tool, due to the poor system, it is also not properly managed and in some cases, it gives the wrong location of the vehicle during a certain period, but give the right speed the member was driving during the certain time and period and this are the only thing our managers are trained at, to monitor the member in order to let her/him down even though this is important too for the prevention of the accidents due to lack of negligent and reckless driving. ORGANISATIONAL LEVEL The ethics of managerial decision making is often complex and managers often disagree on what an ethical decision in a specific situation entails. Managers should consider two factors: (1) the approach that they can use to determine which alternative to choose in a decision-making situation; and (2) what organisations can do to ensure that managers follow ethical standards in their decision making (PJ Smith et al. (2007:415) Management of Principles). The management of ethics in the law enforcement is a very crucial issue lately whereby the organisation is making the headline news on daily basis. It came to the state where the leadership is being questioned about the state of the organisation and the conduct of its members. We can see how Commissioner Riya Phiyega, avoiding to confirm that the Marikana mine workers were killed by the police and why she failed to suspend the members as she did with the Mido Macia Case, Mozambican who was brutally killed by the police at Daveyton on the 26th February 2013. Her answer was that she cannot confirm that the mine workers were killed by the police as there is no enough evidence and it requires the findings from the commission of enquiry to what caused the killing of the 34 mine workers, the injury to the 78 mine workers and the extra 10 people that includes the two police officials and the security guards near the mine whereas Midos Case is different as there were enough evidence that lin ks the suspended members to the killing of the Mozambican man (www.bdlive.co.za/national/2013/4/17-phiyega-avoids-confirming-that-marikana-miners-were killed by police: Date accessed, 2013-04-20).This shows that the Commissioner is trying by all means to apply the three approaches to ethical decision making that is the utilitarian, the human rights and the justice approach. Her respond to the commission of enquiry will affect the members that are directly involved in the situation including the SAPS members as a whole. She is faced with a difficult task to defend the members even though she is being criticised for being a woman and leading an organisation that was men dominating previously. The SAPS was never lucky in having a good leadership that leads by example except the woman that has just sat on the hot seat left by the corrupt men, to transform it and it seems that she will not be given the chance to proof herself because so much has happened on her taking the position as the Commissioner that leads to her incredibility. LEADING BY EXAMPLE The first and most important requirement for fostering a culture of good ethics in an organisation is leading by example .Actions speak louder than words. Leading by example serves as an inspirational tool that enhances education to the subordinates. The SAPS was never lucky with the good leadership that leads by an example. The leadership of Jackie Selebi opened up so many unethical conducts within the SAPS as he was arrested for corruption. That was a good example for the prevention of further offending to the subordinates. His successor, Mr Beki Cele was also dismissed from the organisation for unlawful conduct and maladministration with R500 million rand lease agreement for new police headquarters in Pretoria on 24th October 2011. Police managers need to be aware of their visible and critical role within the SAPS. Power is needed to bring about the ethical changes in an organisation and even within the community -policing framework. A common thread in most widespread corruption, cases is an absence of an overview from the top management. In some cases of corruption, the managers do not want to admit to the malpractice under their command, and in some other instances they merely turn a blind eye and in some cases they are involved. Lieutenant General Mdlulis and Colonel HJ Barnards case withdrawn for charges of fraud relating to the alleged misuse of Crime Intelligence funds, whom their case had a lot of interference from within the SAPS and the National prosecuting authority. Their cases let to the suspension of the Senior Prosecutor of the National Prosecuting Authority, Glynnis Breytenbach, who strongly believes that there is still a strong case against this two SAPS senior officers and her suspension in Apr il 2012 has got nothing to do with the handling of the criminal investigation relating to a mineral rights dispute between the mining companies Imperial Crown Trading (ICT) and Kumba Iron Ore over Kumbas Sishen mine, she suggests that it is politically influenced. On the other hand within the SAPS, Colonel Roelofse who was in charge of the case, was informed by the Senior officer, Major General Sibiya, that he had been taken to task by certain Generals within the SAPS, by allowing the investigation to continue beyond the scope of the murder investigation that Lieutenant Mdluli was also charged with. The SAPS senior officers were pulling each others throats with the Lt Gen Mdlulis (anti-corruption task team report dated 2012-03-02), and this gave a support to the Democratic Alliances shadow minister of police Dianne Kohler Barnard statement when he said the low conviction reflects the polices cover- up culture, responding to the statistics on police brutality from the Independent Pol ice Investigative Directorate (IPID) make for grim reading. In 2011/2012 financial year, 720 deaths, allegedly at the hands of the police officers, were investigated. IPID recommended 162 prosecutions and called for disciplinary action against 168 police. But only 05 police officers were dismissed and 13 were convicted of crimes during that period. The highest number of alleged deaths at the hands of the police was investigated in 2008/2009 financial year, when 912 came in for IPID scrutiny. In that year just three officers were dismissed and one was suspended for six months. DEVELOPING A CORPORATE CODE OF ETHICS Another way of managing ethics in an organisation is by means of a code of conduct. The South African Police Service Code Of conduct agreement 11/96 was adopted and signed by the SAPS, the unions, SAPU (South African Police Union), POPCRU (Police and Prisons Civil Rights Union) and the Public Servants Association of South Africa in 1996.Ethical policing demands that the employees of the SAPS to act with integrity and respect for peoples diversity and the law thereby enhancing service excellence to the approval of the public. The South African police Service have instituted the policies, regulations, and the standing orders to maintain the standard of its discipline. Some of the order- maintaining bodies of legislation are: The Code of conduct ; Code of ethics; The Standing orders; National Instructions Regulations; Anti-corruption plan; Whistle blowing plan; Internal disciplinary procedures; and The IPID (Independent Police Investigative Directorate). The organisation has done so much to the translation of the values and beliefs into ethical standards or behaviour, not a single police station does not have the printed code of conduct charts but it seems as if its meaning is meaningless since the number of police corruption and brutality increases, members received the pocket code of conduct that may fit in the pocket for references and this was supposed to be checked by the managers during their inspections in the beginning of every shift but to whom do someone expect the work to be done by an unqualified manager. Warrant officer at Knysna, his wife was brutally assaulted by the SAPS female member who works at the same police station with him, the case was withdrawn and the wife was forced to withdraw the charges against the member for the prevention of misconduct against the member that could jeopardise her career. Charges were withdrawn and the constable was promoted to a senior rank (City Press 11.15.April 2012). That gives an additional to malfunctioning of the SAPS management. The problem lies within the individual as the human resources sub-system, the recruitment, the promotions criteria and the SAPS leadership. Managers should take a long view of enhancing ethical behaviour. MANAGING WHISTLE BLOWING The SAPS is in partnership with the insight company, Panda where the citizens can send sms to 33221 of any criminal activities within their area. The line is confidential and no one will make up follow up to call the person for more information. It is reported that successful arrests has been made since the launching of the system. The anti- corruption plan that is implemented and each and every police station have to conduct sessions to educate the members and the community. RECOMMENDATIONS The recruitment policy, strategies and the criteria must be reviewed as the Minister had said on the media release city press, dated 2013-03-26. The Human Resource Development plan must include education and training on ethics. The performance enhancement process has to be reviewed for the improvement of work ethics. The senior promotions policy, strategies and criteria must be reviewed. The National Commissioners post must not be politicised. CONCLUSION The mangers need to be aware of their visible and critical role within the SAPS. It is essential for the managers to understand their peers and subordinates. A manager is a psychologist, sociologist and political scientist (PJ Smith et al. 2007: 295, Management Principles).

Narrative Argument About Education Essay

Reading the web is not the same as reading in the book or magazine or even newspaper. The information that you read from the internet may not stick with you as long as it would if you were to read a book, newspaper, magazine, or journal. This can’t be a hundred percent accurate for everyone, but according to most people that I have questioned, the information that they read from the web/internet doesn’t stick with them as long as it does when they read an actual book, newspaper, or magazine. Personal computers can be empowering tools in a way of learning about technology, but in my opinion they do no good for learning when it comes to critical thinking skills and gaining accurate information for yourself. Most of the web pages that are out there are not even filled with accurate information. If there is no context on the web for the research you are looking up, then neither is there any history for it. Nothing online has been indexed before 1980, so therefore; the information is not completely accurate and gainful knowledge. According to Judith Levine, most of the data her students net are like trash fish, and by that I feel like she means that the information that they get is worthless and will not help them in any way. I would have to say that I can agree with her statement because as a web surfer myself I don’t see how it helps me. Yes, it does give me certain education in the information that I am surfing about, but it does and will not help me as much as it would if I were to read a book about that very same subject. I can gain more knowledge and keep it memorized with a book much easier than I can surfing the web. Judith talks about her students not being able to concentrate when she asks them to organize their impressions into coherent stories, and I find that to be due to the lack of critical thinking skills from not reading books anymore and using this computer technology for all of their research and surfing articles. I feel like students don’t get the full education of the subject that they need when they shortcut it by using the web for their papers. I agree with Judith’s statement about the diagnosis of an epidemic attention deficit disorder. It can be caused by the casual clicking and pointing that has come to stand in for intellectual inquiry. Technology may empower, but when will the power of it be used? Students don’t read anymore and so their critical thinking skills are not as great as they could be if they would just read instead. They should be reading books like literature, history, poetry, and politics so they can be listening to people who know what they are talking about. Otherwise, the information they get will be of no use to them. â€Å"The search engines that retrieve more than 100,000 links or none at all, they will be awkward at discerning meaning, or discerning at all† (Paragraph 14). After reading the story of Judith Levine’s argument about using the web for research papers versus reading books, I can feel like I totally agree with her on every aspect. â€Å"Because reading makes you use your brain. While reading you would be forced to reason out many things which are unfamiliar to you. Reading improves your vocabulary: Remember in elementary school when you learned how to infer the meaning of one word by reading the context of the other words in the sentence? You get the same benefit from book reading. While reading books, especially challenging ones, you will find yourself exposed to many new words you wouldn’t be otherwise.† â€Å"Reading also improves concentration and focus. It requires you to focus on what you are reading for long periods. Unlike magazines, internet posts or e-mails that might contain small chunks of information, books tell the whole story. Since you must concentrate in order to read, like a muscle, you will get better at concentration†Ã‚   Just like Judith talked about in her argument, she feels like the etiology of attention deficit disorder is due to the fact that students these days are not reading books anymore, but are only surfing the web which doesn’t help the brain to focus and concentrate. When students surf the web for answers there is no way of them being able to know if any particular fact is accurate or not. But when they read books it gives them better information that is sure to be accurate. So, when Judith Levine argues the point that she feels reading books, magazines, newspapers and etc. â€Å"are better that surfing the web, I would have to agree with her because it help us in our comprehension, practices our fluency, and many others. But nowadays, because reading books is boring and you have to read for almost a week or month, students today are so lazy to that and they always have the speech of, it’s a waste of time† â€Å"Using Computer is widely practice today’s generation. It is almost needed in the society. You can also be called an illiterate when you don’t know how to use it, because even a 7 years old kid can use the computer. Computers are easy to use, reliable, fast, and consume a short period of time† I believe that is why in the beginning of Judith’s argument she quoted Bill Gates statement after he bestowed a $200 million gift to America’s public libraries so they could hook up to the internet and I understand why he would feel the way he does about computers because of how popular they are in today’s society, but in my opinion I feel that they are not as empowering as people seem to think that they are. They will not give you the education and critical thinking skills that you need like books will do for you. So, therefore; I would have to agree with her argument towards Bill Gates decision and statement.

Strategy Tools Essay - 1343 Words

Strategy tool Personal Platforms: I want to live my life with family a perfect peaceful area which God allowed me to live. Id like to do something with computers related to my work when I will graduate and have my degree. this, of course, one-course term to go. I love learning to host my own Internet-based services. Perhaps I could work in Web hosting, email hosting, or VPS hosting. I do all the home network administration for my familys intranet. Perhaps I could be a network administrator. I have started practicing online digital marketing, placing business advertising as online digital marketing Entrepreneur. this not a plan because I am already doing it but I havent seen profit yet so that this course will perfectly helping me to†¦show more content†¦therefore I have a lot of plan to work around these scenarios. so one more term left to do this. Keeping a journal: developed my internet business become a successful digital marketing entrepreneur. build and Improving my own website Learning more and practicing about Internet-related topics work with my experiences when I get a job that relates. For any computer-based job, Ill likely be qualified a computer science or information technology degree. I dont have to worried about experiences know, but Im working my way through school to for my bachelor degree and masters. Ill need an understanding of computers and how they work. Many people think of computers as magic black boxes that often fail to function, but they often only fail to function because people are using them wrong. This makes it much easier for me to learn to use new software and to use software that Im familiar with much more effectively. I almost never run into computer problems, and when I do, its often because of damaged hardware. 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Indira Gandhi Quotes

Indira Gandhi was the Prime Minister of India from 1966 to 1977 and from 1980 to 1984. Daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru, a hero in winning independence from Britain, Indira Gandhi was also a follower of Gandhi in her early years. Indira Gandhi was elected Prime Minister in 1966, and her administration was often controversial. After using the military to put an end to a Sikh separatist operation, Indira Gandhi was assassinated by her Sikh security guards in 1984. Select Quotations You must learn to be still in the midst of activity and to be vibrantly alive in repose. Actions today  mould  our tomorrows. What matters is that we should achieve what we set out to do.  (1977) Social change is brought about by those who dare and act, who can think unconventionally and who can court unpopularity.  (1974) My grandfather once told me that there were two kinds of people: those who do the work and those who take the credit. He told me to try to be in the first group; there was much less competition. Tolerance and compassion are active, not passive states, born of the capacity to listen, to observe and to respect others. They are founded on a reverence for life that shows itself in ones attitude to man and to the earth and to other creatures. This state of listening, observing, is to be alive; it is a state of understanding and it is the manifestation of a truly scientific mind that is mature with the quality of humanness. Ends may vary but means must be based on the acceptance of man as the  centre  of all quest. (1981) There exists no politician in India daring enough to attempt to explain to the masses that cows can be eaten.  (1975 interview with Oriana Fallaci) I would say our greatest achievement is to have survived as a free and democratic nation. Let us not allow ourselves to be oppressed by frustration or misguided by anger into  wrong  action which will inevitably increase the burden on the common man, undermine the very foundations of democracy and imperil the well-being and happiness of us all. But let our concern lead us to constructive effort, to hard work, to co-operation.  (1966) Our ancient philosophy speaks of right action. Lifes journey should be in quest neither of power nor wealth but of inner worth. The Gita says, To action alone  have  you a right, not to its fruits. We want progress, we want development, but in such a way that it does not disrupt the life of the area, the looks of the area, the beauty of the region and does not alienate the people from their own surroundings...  (1975) Martyrdom does not end something, it is only a beginning. You cannot shake hands with a clenched fist. There are moments in history when brooding tragedy and its dark shadows can be lightened by recalling great moments of the past. Even if Indira Gandhi dies, her blood would spring from the earth and thousands of  Indiras  will emerge to serve the people of the country. I say so because Indira Gandhi is not the name of a mere woman but a philosophy which is wedded to the service of the masses. –the month she was assassinated, October 20, 1984 I dont mind if my life goes in the service of the nation. If I die today every drop of my blood will invigorate the nation.  Ã¢â‚¬â€œthe night before she was assassinated, October 30, 1984. To bear many children is considered not only a religious blessing but also an investment. The greater their number, some Indians reason, the more alms they can beg.  (1975) It is not enough for a few at the top to reach outstanding ability. Performance at every level, even the very lowest, must be improved. All of us are part of the huge apparatus of the nation, the efficient working of which is dependent on the smooth functioning of every individual component.  (1969) Ability, and not class or community or wealth, should determine what education a child should have, what school he or she should go to.  (1966) The Himalayas have shaped our history; they have  moulded  our philosophy; they have inspired our saints and poets. They influence our weather. Once they defended us; now we must defend them. Our  defence  services are learning to know them and to love them.  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹(1968)